The original Hitty Doll made from mountain ash or white ash?
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The original Hitty
The Original Hitty Doll
Mountain Ash or Rowan vs White Ash
HITTY is A very special wood doll
by Jean D. Lotz
A Non-Commercial, Educational Resource          Copyright © 1996+ Jean D. Lotz     Last Updated: 5/29/01



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Hitty explains her name: 

"I do not remember exactly how I came by my name. At first, I was christened Mehitabel, but Phoebe was far too impatient to use so many syllables, and presently I had become Hitty to the whole household. Indeed, it was at Mrs. Preble's suggestion that these five letters were worked carefully in little red cross-stitch characters upon my chemise."

"Hitty reveals a lot about the people she encounters during her long life".



MOUNTAIN ASH, ROWAN or ASH

The original Hitty doll is currently housed the Stockbridge, MA Public Library Museum. If you look at this original doll (shown later on this page) which inspired the book, you will note that she is made of ash, likely white ash. She is definitely NOT made of mountain ash as the story relates.

According to the book, Hitty was made of sturdy, "lucky", mountain ash wood. Over and over you read references to her lucky construction. In Hitty's own words from chapter one:

From this paragraph we can learn that the book's Hitty is made of European Mountain ash (Rowan) which is closely related to our North American mountain ash. Both are fruitwood in the rose family. These woods are NOT RELATED to other ash wood species. Australian mountain ash is in the eucalyptus family. White ash, green ash, and brown ash are in the oleander family. Rowan or American mountain ash is a very difficult (almost impossible) wood to find in the United States.
 
Thanks to Anne Van Arnum for sending me the following:

From "The Emmerdale Farm Book Of Country Lore" by James Ferguson 
(ISBN 0600 560120)

"MAY" page 56
May 3rd Rowan Tree Day. Sprigs of mountain ash (also known as rowan) were taken indoors to protect the building and its occupants against the Devil, witches and disease. Some were placed in the thatch as a form of fire protection. People carried them to ease rheumatism and grew rowans near the house to protect it against all evil. A rowan twig in the butter churn made it safe, and twigs were hung around animals' necks or horns to protect them from the evil eye. Horsemen made whips out of rowan to safeguard their horses - "woe to the lad without a rowan tree gad".

Many rains, many rowans;
Many rowans, many grains."

"TREES" page 154
Jack was examining Granddad's book and came across the section dealing with trees. There were some old superstitions, such as that garlands of birch hung on a wall will keep away evil spirits, while the wood of the rowan (mountain ash) should be used form making beams over the fireplace, to keep away witches.

Various trees were thought to protect the house against witches and evil spirits, and were consequently grown nearby, such as the elder, the rowan, the holly, the hazel and the hawthorne, while others, such as the lilac and blackthorn, should never be taken indoors as they are omens of death.

BIRTH page 56
At the birth, the new baby was given a gift to ensure a lucky and happy future; this was usually a piece of silver or a coin, but some of the gifts were reminders of pagan times, such as salt, garlic, a piece of iron, or even a cross fashioned from the wood of a rowan tree.


 
 

photo permission requested 1/97

Peggy Mellinger who has dreamed of this
Hitty all of her life expressed the sentiments
of most Hitty lovers when she stated,
"This is what Hitty should look like...
this is the picture from my book."

SO WHAT'S THE BIG DEAL ABOUT MOUNTAIN ASH (ROWAN)?

The unavailability of Rowan is important and causes a problem for doll artists wanting to make Hitty dolls, since most collectors want an authentic (according to the story) Hitty doll made from mountain ash and only mountain ash! Although many doll artists advertise that their reproduction HITTY dolls are "made of mountain- ash" , often you will find that most are made of white ash - not mountain ash as advertised. Therefore I encourage you to look at the wood identification chart on these woods to decide for yourself what your Hitty is made of. You can tell by the distinct open grain of ash and compare it to the fruitwood color and grain of mountain ash. 

But I am quite satisfied with a doll made of white ash like the wonderful antique folk art Hitty that inspired these two artists to create such a memorable book. Rachel simply took artistic license and added more romance and excitement to her story when she changed Hitty's wood type to "sturdy, lucky mountain ash  wood" therefore Hitty could state:

    "Why not, since the world is always arranging new experiences for us, and I have never felt more hale and hearty in my life? After all, what is a mere hundred years to well-seasoned mountain ash wood?"

How difficult is it to find Mountain Ash?

My friend, Bill, tracked down some Rowan in a firewood stack in England. The owner allowed Bill's Internet friend to send it to "a carver in the USA". Then I received a most pleasant surprise, when a box arrived at my door with some of this treasured wood. Thanks ever so much Bill! Sorry I do not sell any mountain ash Hitty dolls at this time!

Sandy Brehan relates that they wanted mountain ash and no other wood for "Sandy's Hitty". Living in the northwestern part of the USA they started scouring the area looking for large trees with the tell-tale bright red berries. Luckily they found someone willing to sacrifice their ornamental tree. The tree was downed and professionally kiln dried. She then asked her friend Dale Faulstich to carve some Hitty dolls to her specifications.

WOOD IDENTIFICATION CHART:
 


Mountain ash
image thanks to George Hollovay

Note the irregular grain pattern and blotches. On other samples you will see vertical very even grain depending how the wood was sliced. In all cases you should NOT expect a coarse texture to the wood.

Freshly cut Mountain Ash stinks! It smells like the sap from a milkweed but stronger! It takes a long time to season a sappy wood like this. The smell gets less as it dries - Hooray!


White Ash
image thanks to George Hollovay

This is a very hard wood with a regular coarse grain. It feels a bit like oak

More On The Net about Mountain Ash wood:

George Hollovay's Wood Identification Page
Shrubs - Mountain Ash (Sorbus spp.) - Macphail Woods Ecological Forestry Project
European Mountain Ash - University of Minnesota, Northern States Power Company, and Minnesota Power.
Trees With Compound Pinnate Leaves - Mountain Ash
Visual Reference Guide - Mountain Ash Sorbus americana
Mountain Ash, Sorbus americana - The Gypsy Moth Server at Virginia Tech- Biology, Control, and Identification
Pests: Mountain Ash Sawfly - Michigan State University Extension Home Horticulture - 01701244

THE ORIGINAL HITTY:
 
The original Hitty
The Original HITTY
Photo by Bill Fifer
Conestoga Miniatures
Hitty is a folk art doll jointed with pegs!

HITTY often complained that her arms and legs move together as pairs! They are locked together by pegs.

The original Hitty doll does not have the typical body construction of a traditional "peg wooden doll". She does not have the typical tongue and groove construction at the hips. Instead her hips are slanted at the same angle at the tops of her legs. 

The pegs are glued at the tops of each arm and each leg so they move together. They are locked together. DO NOT TRY TO FORCE the arms and legs to move independent of each other! This yanking and pulling will weaken the glue joints or break the pegs.

She is likely the work of an individual craftsman instead of the doll making industry producing the traditional peg wooden dolls.

A DESCRIPTION OF THE ORIGINAL HITTY

By Bill Fifer

As to "discovering" Hitty, we've had a paperback copy of the book for a long time, and have been wanting to make one for quite awhile - just never got around to it, but now having seen the "real thing" and taking photos, I had to give it a try. My first attempt was in rock hard white ash.

We have gone twice up to see the original Hitty in the Stockbridge Mass public library. The Historic room curator kindly let us handle the original, take measurements and lots of photos of her. From the grain I could see on the original doll where the paint has worn off, I think she was actually carved from white ash, and not from mountain ash as Rachel Field's book says.

The current finish is glossy in places, which could be from an original over-varnish or from skin oils from years of handling. It is not clear whether a undercoat of gesso was used. If there was any, it was a very thin coat. It looks like only a flesh colored paint was applied directly over the wood.

Her head and torso were made of two pieces of wood and jointed together at the shoulders. I assume that the head is glued to the torso since it does not turn. Hitty's torso is rounded in the front and sides but flat on the back. Her limbs are quite smooth.

Hitty's hands have three flats across the back of the finger area and are described as "spoon-like." There are no lines or indentations to suggest fingers. Her forearms have slight flats and planes indicating knife cuts.

Her boots are not rounded, but are defined by flat planes. The boots are painted black and extend up to mid calf. The remainder of her lower leg is painted white to simulate socks, and there is a thin red line painted just above the knee to simulate a garter.
 
 
The original HittyThe Original Hitty
The Original HITTY
Photos by Bill Fifer
Conestoga Miniatures

~ What a pretty expression ~

OH WHAT A SWEET EXPRESSION!

Despite the wear and tear of the years, Hitty still has a sweet, somewhat mysterious smile that radiates from the sparkle of her blue eyes and her tiny mouth. In fact she's a later-day, Mona Lisa, and you must wonder what she is thinking about.

The original Hitty's face is sanded smooth, with no carving marks showing. Hitty has flesh colored paint, now almost all worn off. Her eyes have dark (Prussian) blue pupils centered in medium blue irises. 

Hitty's hair is painted black. Hitty's hair is basically smooth, although there are occasional chips cut out above the forehead and along the top and sides of the head to simulate waves in the hair.

Jean Lotz adds:

Each time I carve a "Lotzalove Hitty" reproduction doll, I am even more impressed with this artist's capabilities. I feel Hitty was carved to be a portrait of a very well loved young girl. You can see how delicately she was carved in the 3/4 view photos of the original doll.

I also have a great respect for the unknown folk artist who carved this lovely doll after spending years carving white ash Hitty reproductions. White ash is very hard to carve! It hurts my hands terribly. The grain is erratic and will cause my tools to dig in the soft area, and they bounce off the very hard as rock areas.